7 main causes of Kidney failure

7 main causes of Kidney failure The two most common causes of kidney failure—diabetes and high blood pressure—account for roughly two-thirds of all cases. While these chronic conditions dominate, kidney failure can also stem from sudden injuries, genetic factors, or structural issues within the urinary tract. National Kidney Foundation National Kidney Foundation +4 7 Main Causes of Kidney Failure Diabetes (Type 1 and 2): High blood sugar levels over time damage the tiny blood vessels (nephrons) in the kidneys, hindering their ability to filter waste from the blood. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Persistent high pressure can narrow, weaken, or harden the arteries around the kidneys, reducing blood flow and damaging the filtering units. Glomerular Diseases: This group of diseases causes inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, the specific parts of the kidney that filter blood. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A genetic disorder where numerous fluid-filled cysts grow in the kidneys, eventually causing them to enlarge and lose function. Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like Lupus Nephritis cause the immune system to attack healthy kidney tissue, leading to inflammation and scarring. Urinary Tract Obstructions: Prolonged blockages from kidney stones, an enlarged prostate, or certain cancers (like bladder or cervical) can cause urine to back up, creating pressure and damage. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sudden, often reversible loss of function caused by severe dehydration, major blood loss, sepsis (severe infection), or toxicity from certain medications like high-dose NSAIDs. Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Clinic +7 Key Risk Factors Beyond direct causes, several factors increase the likelihood of developing kidney failure: Obesity: Strongly linked to diabetes and hypertension, putting extra strain on kidneys. Family History: Genetic predispositions can make individuals more susceptible to chronic kidney disease. Medication Use: Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen can be toxic over time. Age: People over 60 are at a higher risk as kidney function naturally declines with age